01 Key Concepts
Numerator and Denominator
In a/b, a (numerator) is the number of parts taken, b (denominator) is the total number of equal parts.
Proper, Improper, Mixed
Proper: numerator < denominator (3/4). Improper: numerator ≥ denominator (7/4). Mixed: a whole number plus a fraction (1 3/4).
Equivalent Fractions
Fractions that represent the same value, found by multiplying or dividing top and bottom by the same number.
Simplifying
Divide numerator and denominator by their greatest common factor to reduce a fraction.
Adding/Subtracting Fractions
Fractions need a common denominator before adding or subtracting.
Multiplying and Dividing Fractions
Multiply straight across (num x num, denom x denom). To divide, multiply by the reciprocal of the second fraction.
03 Key Formulas
- a/b + c/d = (ad + bc) / bd
- a/b x c/d = ac/bd
- a/b ÷ c/d = a/b x d/c
04 Solved Examples
Example 1 Simplify 12/16.
- Find the GCF of 12 and 16, which is 4.
- Divide both by 4: 12÷4=3, 16÷4=4.
Answer: 3/4
Example 2 Add 1/4 + 1/3.
- Find a common denominator: 12.
- 1/4 = 3/12, 1/3 = 4/12.
- Add: 3/12 + 4/12 = 7/12.
Answer: 7/12
Example 3 Multiply 2/3 x 3/5.
- Multiply numerators: 2x3=6.
- Multiply denominators: 3x5=15.
- Simplify 6/15 by dividing by 3.
Answer: 2/5
05 Practice Questions
1Simplify 8/12.
2/3
2Convert 7/2 into a mixed number.
3 1/2
3Add 1/2 + 1/6.
2/3
4Multiply 1/2 x 4/5.
2/5
5Divide 3/4 ÷ 1/2.
3/2 or 1 1/2
📄 Fractions — Downloadable Worksheet
10 questions with a full answer key. Grab the PDF to print, or try the interactive version in your browser.