Python If / Elif / Else — Making Decisions in Code

age = 13

if age >= 13:
    print("Teen coder")        # 4-space indent = inside the if
elif age >= 7:
    print("Junior coder")      # checked only if first was False
else:
    print("Future coder")      # runs if nothing matched

print("always runs")           # not indented = outside

x = 7
print(x == 7)          # True  (equality: TWO equals signs)
print(x != 3)          # True
print(3 < x <= 10)     # True  — chaining works in Python!

logged_in, admin = True, False
print(logged_in and admin)   # False — both must be True
print(logged_in or admin)    # True  — one is enough
print(not admin)             # True  — flips the value

items = []
name = "Ada"

if name:                 # non-empty string → truthy
    print(f"hello {name}")

if not items:            # empty list → falsy
    print("list is empty!")

# Pythonic: use the value itself, not len(items) == 0

age = 15
status = "teen" if age >= 13 else "kid"
print(status)                        # teen

# great for defaults:
name = user_input if user_input else "Guest"
name = user_input or "Guest"         # even shorter idiom

def can_play(age, has_ticket):
    if age < 7:
        return False        # early exit — no nesting needed
    if not has_ticket:
        return False
    return True

print(can_play(12, True))   # True