LOD Expressions are among the most powerful — and most misunderstood — features in Tableau. They let you compute aggregations at a different level of granularity than the current view, solving a whole class of analytics problems that are otherwise impossible with standard calculated fields or table calculations. Once you truly understand FIXED, INCLUDE, and EXCLUDE, your Tableau work will reach a completely different level.
1-A 2-A 3-A 4-A | 5 SUM 6 EXCLUDE 7 = { FIXED [Customer] : AVG([Order Value]) } 8 = FIXED pins to stated dims; INCLUDE adds dims to the view level 9 = { FIXED [Customer] : MIN(YEAR([Order Date])) } | 10 = Dimension filters apply after FIXED - use context filters