📘 Lesson 5 of 8 · Trigonometry

🔄 Inverse Trigonometric Functions

Inverse trig functions reverse the process of sine, cosine, and tangent — instead of giving a ratio from an angle, they give back the angle from a ratio.

Course progress: 62%

01 Key Concepts

Inverse Sine (arcsin or sin^-1)

If sin(theta) = x, then arcsin(x) = theta. It answers: 'what angle has this sine value?'

Inverse Cosine (arccos or cos^-1)

If cos(theta) = x, then arccos(x) = theta.

Inverse Tangent (arctan or tan^-1)

If tan(theta) = x, then arctan(x) = theta.

Restricted Ranges

Since sin, cos, and tan repeat, their inverses are restricted to specific output ranges to give exactly one answer per input (e.g., arcsin outputs between -90° and 90°).

Using Inverse Trig to Solve Triangles

Given a ratio of two sides, use the matching inverse trig function to find the unknown angle.

02 Key Formulas

03 Solved Examples

Example 1 Find arcsin(0.5).
  1. Ask: what angle has a sine of 0.5?
  2. sin(30°) = 0.5.
Answer: 30°
Example 2 Find arccos(0.5).
  1. Ask: what angle has a cosine of 0.5?
  2. cos(60°) = 0.5.
Answer: 60°
Example 3 A right triangle has opposite side 5 and hypotenuse 10. Find angle A using inverse sine.
  1. sin(A) = opposite/hypotenuse = 5/10 = 0.5.
  2. A = arcsin(0.5).
Answer: A = 30°

04 Practice Questions

1Find arcsin(1).
90°
2Find arccos(1).
3Find arctan(1).
45°
4A triangle has opposite 3, hypotenuse 6. Find angle A using arcsin.
arcsin(0.5)=30°
5What does arccos(x) answer?
The angle whose cosine is x

📄 Inverse Trigonometric Functions — Downloadable Worksheet

10 questions with a full answer key. Grab the PDF to print, or try the interactive version in your browser.