A vector space is a collection of objects (vectors) that can be added together and scaled, following a consistent set of rules — an abstraction that unifies everything from arrows in space to functions and polynomials.
1-A 2-A 3-A 4-A | 5 independent 6 dependent 7 = No, since (2,6) = 2(1,3) 8 = Yes, neither is a scalar multiple of the other 9 = 2 | 10 = Yes