01 Key Concepts
Translation
Sliding a shape to a new position without rotating, flipping, or resizing it — every point moves the same distance in the same direction.
Reflection
Flipping a shape over a line (the line of reflection), creating a mirror image.
Rotation
Turning a shape around a fixed point (the center of rotation) by a certain angle.
Dilation
Resizing a shape larger or smaller by a scale factor, centered at a fixed point; angles stay the same but side lengths change proportionally.
Rigid vs. Non-Rigid Transformations
Translations, reflections, and rotations preserve size and shape (rigid). Dilation changes size, so it is non-rigid.
02 Solved Examples
Example 1 A triangle is shifted 3 units right and 2 units up, with no rotation or resizing. What transformation is this?
- Sliding a shape without rotating, flipping, or resizing matches a specific transformation type.
Answer: A translation
Example 2 A shape is flipped over the y-axis, creating a mirror image. What transformation is this?
- Flipping over a line to create a mirror image matches a specific transformation type.
Answer: A reflection
Example 3 A triangle with sides 2, 3, 4 is dilated by a scale factor of 3. Find the new side lengths.
- Multiply each side by the scale factor: 2*3=6, 3*3=9, 4*3=12.
Answer: New sides: 6, 9, 12
03 Practice Questions
1A shape slides without turning or flipping. What transformation is this?
Translation
2A shape is turned 90° around a fixed point. What transformation is this?
Rotation
3A shape is resized larger by a scale factor. What transformation is this?
Dilation
4Which transformations are 'rigid' (preserve size)?
Translation, reflection, and rotation
5A triangle with sides 5,6,7 is dilated by scale factor 2. Find its new sides.
10, 12, 14
📄 Transformations — Downloadable Worksheet
10 questions with a full answer key. Grab the PDF to print, or try the interactive version in your browser.