Real-world tables often need cells that span multiple columns (like a full-width header) or multiple rows (like a recurring label on the left). The colspan and rowspan attributes do exactly that — but they require careful accounting so the browser knows which cells to remove to make room for the spanning cell.
1-A 2-A 3-A 4-A | 5 columns 6 rows 7 = <th colspan="3">Results</th> 8 = <td rowspan="2">...</td> 9 = Cell counts change per row - easy to break alignment | 10 = colspan = across; rowspan = down