🧬 DNA Structure & Replication

1-C   2-B   3-B   4-B  |  5 = 3   6 = ligase   7 = because each of the two resulting DNA molecules contains one original (template) strand and one newly synthesised strand, rather than being either fully new or fully old   8 = it lays down a short RNA primer that gives DNA polymerase a starting point to begin adding nucleotides   9 = 3'-TACGG-5'  |  10 = Because the two template strands run antiparallel to each other, only one of them is oriented so DNA polymerase can add nucleotides continuously toward the replication fork in the 5'→3' direction (the leading strand); the other template strand runs the opposite way relative to the fork, so DNA polymerase must repeatedly start, extend a short stretch, and stop — creating Okazaki fragments — because it can never build directly toward the fork on that strand in the 5'→3' direction.